Lesson 2 of 4 · Grade 10 Chemistry
Chemical bonding
18 min
Atoms bond to achieve a stable outer shell (like the noble gases).
Ionic (electrovalent) bonding
Transfer of electrons from a metal to a non-metal.
- Na (2.8.1) loses 1 electron → Na⁺; Cl (2.8.7) gains 1 → Cl⁻. They attract to form NaCl.
- Properties: high melting and boiling points, conduct electricity when molten or in solution, often soluble in water.
Covalent bonding
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